RBC Centura Bank Groups and Teams Research Proposal

RBC Centura Bank Groups and Teams - Research Proposal Example task inside an association since inability to convey may recommend that the distinctive hierarchical controls are not appropriately positioned inside the associations which are permitting holes into the presentation of various people filling in as a group. Many examination concentrates effectively exhibited that the holes in the presentation of the groups to a great extent rely on the structure and design of the group. (Stewart and Barrick, 2000). Structure and design of the groups in this way show towards the various elements associated with the association just as arrangement of the groups and afterward changing over such groups into high performing groups. As such associations must consider various factors, for example, group authority, union, structure just as design of the group to anticipate superior from the proposed groups. This paper will talk about with respect to how a gathering can turn into a superior group other than examining the moral contemplations of globalization and its effects in the group elements by assessing RBC Centura Bank as a contextual analysis. Group elements require the powerful development of groups so as to extricate best execution in any case, before anticipating such elite, it is basic that all the elements of changing over a gathering of people into a superior group will be established. Group structure is characterized as the setup or distribution of the jobs, duties just as power inside the group. (Stewart and Barrick, 2000). Group structure is significant for removing superior in light of the fact that by giving reliance and self-rule to the groups, groups will in general perform better on the grounds that the two variables give an in-fabricated channel to powerful correspondence and complaint dealing with other than acting naturally directed in their direction. Consequently, so as to effective believer a gathering into a fruitful and elite group; it is important that the general structure of the group is carefully fabricated so lucidness and

Export and import Managment- sony- combating markets for PSPs Essay

Fare and import Managment-sony-fighting markets for PSPs - Essay Example The PSP was propelled in the US with the distinction of a couple of months after its dispatch in Japan due to different reasons. UK saw the official dispatch of the PSP almost one year later yet paying little heed to the postpone retailers in Europe started to import PSPs from Japan and the US while saving all the income for them self. Sony, so as to counter this made legitimate move against a few shippers in Europe requesting appropriation and money related harm (as refered to in CNET News. 2005). An online retail firm â€Å"EBL† faced Sony expressing that Sony had lacking trademarks with respect to PSPs in Europe and that it just focused on littler firms. Such a debate made questions with respect to PSP’s official dispatch in Europe. Sony before long won the case and made different retailers put down the items off from their stores and sites. By the by PSPs still were being exchanged the dark markets while Sony trusted that the UK High Court will proclaim a choice. To indicate Sony’s hindrances, programmers consistently changed the PSPs to run unapproved games and programming for which Sony needs to vigorously continue creating fresher forms of the PSP and its firmware too. Q1. Internet business alone is the essential driver of the ever-developing dark market and fake action. Various web based unloading and exchanging sites remain unmonitored and controlled which further feeds the dark markets. Items like the PSP originating from their broadly effective and famous parent item â€Å"PlayStation† without a doubt would get countless purchasers, a significant number of which would acknowledge more significant expenses to procure it as right on time as could be expected under the circumstances. Sufficient authority over the company’s dissemination organize is among the imperative weapons against dim markets. Enormous firms, given the assets accessible to them ought to deliberately screen how and where their items are venturing ou t before at last coming to its purchasers. A severe conveyance arrange including point by point shipment following, approved sellers, official names/logos/and so forth would empower the maker being totally mindful of its items pivot in the market which would bring about the counteraction of spillages into the dim markets. Q2. A creative item with a solid fan-following consequently brings about a craving to obtain it. Sony formally propelled the PSP in Japan sooner than in the significant markets with time slacks of a quarter or about one year. The gigantic number of requesting buyers in the universal markets who were happy to pay progressively filled the dark markets by giving higher overall revenues to the shippers. Sony did to be sure dispatch the PSP somewhat early. Rather it ought to have produced enough amounts to take into account all the business sectors and propelled in the Triad at the same time. Sony hurried to dispatch the PSP in light of the fact that the contraptions we re made accessible in the market even before the PSP was propelled. Thusly Sony needed to hurry to acquaint the PSP all together with maintain a strategic distance from duplication and fake and furthermore to keep the retailers from grabbing Sony’s merited incomes. Q3. The offer of PSPs in Europe was to be sure a danger for Sony fundamentally in light of the way that it pushed the creation limit of Sony to the edge so as to take into account the â€Å"unofficial demand†. Prior to propelling the PSP in UK, Sony guaranteed it had enough PSP units accessible to fulfill the needs

Critically review the situation at RestaurantCo Essay

This paper examinations the instance of RestaurantCo, a huge non-unionized eatery organization with more than 300 branches over the UK, and in excess of 7000 utilized staff individuals (Suter and Marchington 2011). As per Brad and Gold (2012, p.401) the term non-unionized is a ‘workplace, where administrators have adaptability in structuring work, choosing, advancement and preparing individuals, and deciding prizes and other (HR) practices.’ As quickly characterized chiefs do numerous obligations and duties regarding the business. So as to have a superior comprehension of the job of line supervisors and worker relations at RestaurantCo it is important to investigate and diagram the qualities and shortcomings of the organization. To be progressively explicit, this exposition will investigate and layout the fundamental qualities and shortcomings in the working style of branch administrators and the basic centralisation inside the association, the formal and casual representative inclusion and cooperation (EIP) rehearses, the working connections between cutting edge supervisors and workers, and the serious viability of the hierarchical HRM framework and ability system for branch chiefs. This contextual analysis of RestaurantCo centers around the hierarchical issues that comes from the centralisation of corporate dynamic and observing. The organization viewed itself as an excellent café business with a solid spotlight on positive representative relations in this manner reflected in their history of casual work relations approach (Suter and Marchington 2011). Nonetheless, since the adjustment in possession the organization needed to actualize new business methodologies and HR rehearses just as make further upgrades to the eatery condition. For example, the adjustments in the café condition included renovations, extended food and beverages menus, and cost reserve funds by coordinating the gracefully chain with otherâ restaurants claimed by the gathering (Suter and Marchington 2011). Subsequently, a portion of these progressions were viewed as very broad and tricky for café administrators. For example, a portion of these hierarchical changes were fairly wasteful and exorbitant as far as conveyances and that slip-ups were much of the time made in the request and gracefully of fixings (Suter and Marchington 2011). Supervisors were not, at this point ready to arrange straightforwardly from providers however rather were told to coordinate their requests through the flexibly chain division, whose comprehension of the requirements of individua l branches were viewed as constrained (Suter and Marchington 2011). There were likewise extra changes in improving client care, for example, the prologue to the ‘Mystery Customer’ activity (Suter and Marchington 2011, p.213). This program activity was viewed as a type of corporate concentrated checking and control of administration, which to some degree repudiates the alleged offered self-governance to branch chiefs. This exhibits senior administration doubt in its branch managers’ capacities to meet or satisfy their obligations and duties. This type of control abuses the ‘psychological contract’ between the branch supervisors and businesses which is otherwise called a ‘two-path traded of apparent guarantees and commitments among representatives and their employer’ (Bratton and Gold, 2012, p. 12). For this situation, senior administration had encroached on the trust between its branch supervisors by having a ‘centralised observing system’ in put to accumulate client data and business executio n, subsequently thus damaging their mental agreement (Suter and Marchington 2011). Thusly, making a negative ‘low-trust and low-commitment’ relationship contrasted with a ‘high-trust and high-commitment’ participatory connection between senior administration and branch directors (Bratton and Gold, 2012, p. 160). By and by, control is viewed as to some degree fundamental by senior administration, however ‘too much control may be counterproductive’ (Dant and Nasr, 1998, p. 7). Henceforth, ‘excessive degrees of control’ ought to be deliberately considered as it will ‘impact on business execution levels’ (Dant and Nasr, 1998, p. 7). As expressed in Dant and Nasr (1998, p.7) tight control is commonly not seen well by supervisors who are driven by a powerful urge for ‘independence and autonomy’, they may retained ‘authentic and accommodating information’ from senior administration or managers so as to safeguard some backhanded type of control as they would accept that their informa tion would not be esteemed or approved. In this specific case, tight control would prompt less collaboration between branch chiefs and senior administration. Moreover, input from puzzle clients to senior administration may not be as valuable or enlightening contrasted with the managers’ immense level of information and experience in regards to its neighborhood business café showcase condition and business execution levels. As opposed to simply remunerating ‘performance related bonus’ to directors who get a general acceptable rating from riddle clients there ought to likewise be motivators or prize plans in put for chiefs who really give ‘authentic and accommodating information’ to senior administration (Michael, 2002, p. 329). This kind of advantaged data could additionally improve the organisation’s profitability and execution. For example, the association would have a more prominent upper hand through new vital chances and familiarity with new dangers as referenced by its’ branch administrators (Michael, 2002, p. 329). This ‘upward’ stream of data decentralizes the tight checking and control of senior administration yet more significantly reinforces the correspondence, duty, trust and worker relations between senior administration and its branch administrators through complementary collaboration and prize plans (Michael, 2002, p. 329). It is vital in administration ventures that branch chiefs be given more self-rule to settle on operational choices as their comprehension of the business condition encompassing their individual branches is moderately progressively broad contrast with senior administration and the board support, who have restricted comprehension of the business condition. This procedure is alluded to as ‘decentralisation’ (Dant and Nasr, 1998). As indicated by Suter and Marchington (2011), every café foundation was typically run by a branch administrator and two collaborators. The job of administrative duties was shared between the branch administrator and right hand chief because of the long working hours and the move framework, subsequently, the director on the job would assume the job of regulating representatives (Suter and Marchington 2011). The supervisor on the job managed issues and issues with respect to workers, and that more extensive issues were appointed to the branch director. The branch chiefs moreover did various HR capacities, for example, business examinations, pay surveys, and self-improvement plans (Suter and Marchington 2011). These branch supervisors had depicted their work as being increasingly heightened and that the HR strategies had become progressively complex andâ formalised (Suter and Marchington 2011). Branch supervisors were as far as anyone knows permitted a reasonable level of self-sufficiency by they way they could deal with the eatery. A key component of the capacity system empowered branch chiefs to assume responsibility for their own conveyance and execution. In any case, directors experienced extraordinary trouble in settling on operational choices with respect to their eatery. A portion of the reasons were because of the way that the administration bolster group were not in every case promptly accessible to branch chiefs yet in addition that far reaching operational choices were being executed at branch levels, thus clashing with branch managers’ operational choices (Suter and Marchington 2011). Branch administrators ought to be furnished with help all through the eatery operational hours from the administration bolster office aside from, the café bolster group works on a 9-5 office-based work environment game plan (Suter and Marchington 2011). This would prompt huge issues when the café requires help after the help office closes activity, in this way causing a burden when choice and backing is require d. It may likewise influence the organisation’s notoriety if issues are not expeditiously settled. Without appropriate help and assistance from the help supervisory group, branch chiefs can't play out their job proficiently. Affected by senior administration, branch supervisors were constrained into actualizing formal relationship rehearses with their representatives (Suter and Marchington 2011). Nonetheless, one of the center parts of a mental agreement is ‘workplace communication’ which will for the most part help to limit the ‘false accord effect,’ implying that individuals accept that they share similar recognitions (Bratton and Gold, 2012, p. 433). For example, branch supervisors saw the eatery and its work relations as casual while head office had communicated the requirement for increasingly proficient administration and all the more significantly had over-evaluated the convention of approach execution at branch level (Suter and Marchington 2011). Outstandingly, correspondence is a huge part of a mental difference as it is very apparent that branch administrators and senior administration had clashing perspectives on how the café business should have been worked. On the other hand, It would be advantageous for senior administration and branch administrators to viably impart their perspectives across to each other so as to limit the ‘false agreement effect’ (Bratton and Gold, 2012, p. 433). Once more, to guarantee this can really occur, senior managementâ would should be all the more promptly accessible to branch directors and the other way around so as to reinforce the mental contr

The business ethics in organisations - Free Essay Example

INTRODUCTION This essay is based on business ethics, but generally ethics is a very broad and complicated topic on its own therefore the writer will address on how an organisation carries out is ethical issues and how they are managed. The essay attempts to analyse why business ethics is important, how an organisation evolves around ethics. Business ethics roots have been analysed to give an overview of the different schools of thought that have been developed by various thinkers which are used in present to analyse the goodness or evilness of a business act or decision. This essay tries to look into various ethical aspects that govern the decisions that are made by various organizations in their daily operations. How much importance different businesses should give to various stakeholders like the shareholders, the society and the employees and the sad truth of the number of unethical actions that many businesses perform to gain more profits and more market share The field of Business Ethics is comprised of several definitions by different scholars and authors over the decades and all have a different way to define it. More than 100 business people were interviewed by Raymond Bauhart on what ethics meant to them 50 percent defined as what my feelings tell me is right , 25 percent defined in terms religion in accord with my religious beliefs and 18 percent defines it in terms of what conforms to the golden rule (Velasquez, M. G. 2006, p.7 ) whereas, according to author Svensson Goran and Wood Grey (2006), business ethics is a function of time a nd culture, this basically means that time/culture will determine what ethics will be acceptable or unacceptable due to the changes in business environment. According to Velasquez M. G (2006:13) it is the study of moral standards and how these apply to the systems and organisations through which modern societies produce and distribute goods and services. (Robin .D, 2006) or Business ethics is also the branch of ethics which determines the actions and decision by businesses ( corporate and any firm who is in the field of making profits) and how it affects the lives of its stakeholders who are the general public, the shareholders, competitors, employees and the government. Most businesses think that business ethics are determined by the values in its society. It is true that businesses are there for providing goods and services for the public in order to make profits but the question is: What do they do in order to make profits and not harm the society? Today business values are changing, information is readily available through media about the actions and to keep businesses running, they have to take care of all the stakeholders. These trends are what has made firms implement business ethics in their strategies so as to keep customer loyalty and stay within the frameworks of acceptable norms of the society. Actions which are just for the creation of the privileged few at the expense of the many stakeholders is discouraged in the modern societies but there still exists many firms which maximize profits but still follow strict values of business ethics. A popular example is the US $24 billion Johnson and Johnson company led by the chairman and C.E.O Ralph Larsen. The company is known for its valued commitment to ethics, customers, employees, and communities. The secret of doing profit making business is to follow the needs of all stakeholders and provide goods and services of value to the public and manage the operations in a way which does not har m any stakeholder. Why Business Ethics? Business ethics enables firms who want to be good and gives them knowledge and how to be good. Moral and ethical challenges are part of peoples daily life but in business its important on how they handle such challenges. Business ethics enables leaders to have good criteria on making decisions which are in favour of most stakeholders and not just for the few. The main role of any manager in any organisation is to ensure that their firms live up to the required legal and ethical standards. It enables businesses to take care of stakeholder interests while running the firm. Doing business in an ethical manner enables earning of fair profits by providing useful and beneficial products and services and at the same time improving the lives of people in a competitive environment, but profits are only good if they are obtained in the right manner and if man keeps the right attitude towards them. It also involves being able to run a profitable enterprise while being considerate and while ta king care of the morals and attitudes of the employees. To avoid other players to either quit or demand high risk premium business players need to act ethically to build trust among those players. Above average profit making firms who use unethical methods to do this do not last long before they get exposed to the law and general public and all the returns they may have made unethically vanishes in few moments. (Hooker, John 2003) Origin of Business Ethics Business ethics is a branch of the general ethics and philosophies which have been developed for many years. Business ethics has been mostly written about and thought after firms started entering into commercial business independent of communism system. The stakeholder Theory explains clearly what the roles of the management are and what they should do so as not to create conflict among each other. Kant theory makes it clear that needs of all stakeholders should be met at certain levels according to the efforts, resource and time that has brought a benefit to the company and in case there is a loss, all the related parties who otherwise would have benefited should be penalised. The stakeholders should be given a right to be part of the firm and influence in the decisions of the firm if the firm is to go ahead and become bigger and more productive. There are more theories which will be explained as we progress further into the details of each. Example: Utilitarian and Ma rxism theories. (George D. and John H. 1993, p.255) Is Business Ethics a Contradiction? The answer to this question is yes it is very contradicting because what may be good to one person would be completely unethical to the other reasons could be because of different culture, norms or beliefs that they have. Some of the contradicting examples that may arise are: When an employee is working with a lot of zeal and confidence and producing the best sales result but continuous to be abusive even after several warnings so should the organisation just remove him or her and lose one of its best sales people? It would be difficult for one to decide on what is acceptable and unacceptable. (Holme, Charles, 2008) It has been said that business ethics is just about doing good however this is not true when a conflict arises between supplier of raw materials and customer on when they should be paid. Is it to the benefit of the suppliers, Customers or both? And a bad decision can be taken by good people when they are in stress or dilemma and this can affect the business in the long run. (Holme, Charles, 2008). An organisation might increase the prices of goods and services due to increase in prices, inflation, economic recession or due to factors affecting demand and supply. It is necessary for the firm to increase the price per unit for it to meet its production cost therefore, according to the business it is ethical but to the society it may be unethical due to the rise in prices. Similarly, in order to cut down on operational costs a company may lay off its employees; this would be ethical to the organisation but unethical to its employees. Advantages of business Ethics in organisations One way of bringing ethics into business is by ensuring that ethical standards are maintained in the process of making profit this enables the organisation to achieve a common goal. Examples of companies who were in compliance with good ethics while maintaining a profitable operation are: Intel, Hewlett Packard, Procter Gamble, and Starbucks Coffee. (Velasquez, M. G. 2006, p.38) The ways a manager takes care of its employees in terms of paying a good wage rate, keeping the staffed informed of the day to day work activities, involving employees in decision making taking them into consideration. This way the workers will be producing to the highest levels of production due to good working conditions and friendly working conditions and in return would lead to motivation and therefore creating a good employer-employee relation. These management behaviours can make a difference between employee satisfaction and frustration. (Holme, Charles, 2008) Perception is a reality. Reputati on is the image of any organisation, which is the factor that helps the investor to decide whether to invest in a company or not. Therefore image of any organisation can only be sustained through development of ethical values such as not polluting the environment, paying above the minimum wage or by conserving the environment by reducing the usage of non- environmental friendly products like plastic bags. (Holme, Charles, 2008) Businesses that practise ethics help them build trust within the society that they are working in. It is obvious that a supplier would be looking for an organisation that he can trust for credit payment and in return the organisation will also expect trust worthiness in terms of quality. This is a two way process and therefore the higher the level of trust the better the business. (Holme, Charles, 2008) A model of Business Ethics Leadership relationships Staff relationships External Stakeholder relationship Supplier relationship Customer relationship Competitor relationship Government legislation Lobby groups Institutional responsibility Increased education Power of media Social responsible managers Professional Association Competition International Business with Integrity Economic outcomes Lawful behaviour Better corporate citizens Pay appropriate taxes Environmentally friendly Employees retained Services retained Products acceptable Expectations Perceptions Evaluations Society Expects Society Evaluate Outcomes organisational values, norms and beliefs Reconnection (Svensson, Goran and Wood, Grey 2008) Expectations All of those factors that are listed under expectation are important as it shapes the way in which the society comes to view its corporation. These are the factors societies expect to have in any organisa tion for it to perform better and to satisfy its citizens more efficiently. (Svensson, Goran and Wood, Grey 2008) Social expects Any society in general has expectations of the business and what good it is doing to the general public. Every organisation has to adhere to the needs of the society in order to sustain position in the market. (Svensson, Goran and Wood, Grey 2008) Organisational values, norms and beliefs Organisations are usually affected by the environment in which they operate and therefore culture in any organisation is an important factor to be taken into consideration. Serpa (1985:426) says that it can be called, the social glue holding a company together. Each organisation has been shaped according to its own sets of belief and its a way of interpreting a companys past and future prospects. (Svensson, Goran, and Wood, Grey 2008) Perception This are the ways in which an organisation chooses to interact with the society at large this maybe in terms of ethical behaviour or unethical for what they think about various stakeholders and the attitudes each which has its own effects. Goran Svensson, Grey Wood (2008) Outcome A company that acts or interacts according to society expectations and the way in which it responds and reacts to these pressures produces an outcome. According to Levitt (1958) and Friedman (1962) says that outcome of a company whether it has made a profit or a loss and how it influences its stakeholders through the activities in the market place. However Joyner and Payne, 2002; Spiller, 2000 believe that business exist just to make profits. (Svensson, Goran and Wood, Grey 2008) Evaluations The society uses a number of ways to make the decisions of the organisations performance. These decisions are mainly based on: How company contributes to Corporate Social Responsibility? How they have retained their customers by providing services? Are their products healthy for its citizens to consume? (Svensson, Go ran and Wood, Grey (2008) Society evaluates In a general sense, society hates losses and it praises profits that have been declared by a particular company, and they further investigate the situation although profits are not a guarantee that the organisation acted according to the society interests therefore the society goes a step further through a set of checks and balances to ensure that the profits gained are in an ethical manner? (Svensson, Goran and Wood, Grey (2008) Reconnection Once evaluation criteria have taken place the model again comes back to the beginning because now the expectations will the foundation on which the performance of an organisation can be judged. As time evolves, the perception of individuals may also change to new levels of ethical behaviour. This model in past years may seem to reconnect again but the world has now changed and it has become more revolutionised and therefore the citizens have moved forward and have become more aware of busi ness expectations and behaviours. ? (Svensson, Goran and Wood, Grey (2008) Ways of maintaining ethical standards also referred to as codes of ethics Ethics in the any business is a vital determination of sustainability of the organisation regardless of the industry one is trading its goods or services and no matter how large or small a company is. (www.helium.com) Organisations that fail to have a strong ethical foundation are more likely to find their customer base extremely lowered down and their profit margins to have completely reduced than ever before. (International Federation of Accountant, 2006) .The solution for any company to overcome this problem is by: Creating a credo based company This defines the ethical responsibilities toward its stakeholders and the underlying values of the entire organisation (Scarborough et al., 2009 p.759) example. Johnson and Johnson have credo based values the analysis, design and interpretation of clinical studies and results. (Fisher, Colin and Lovell, Alan, 2006, p.388) Conduct ethical training This is usually carried out by a manager to the rest of its employees. This will enable them to enhance their knowledge on the understanding of what is expected of them. . (Scarborough et al., 2009) Performing periodic ethical audits This will measure the effectiveness and compliancy of the ethical system implemented by examining practises, procedures and policies. (Scarborough et al., 2009) Integrity This a core value of code of ethics which requires adhering to highest standards of behaviour like honesty and impartiality example Carbo Ceramics. Every organisation requires its employees to carry out the work assigned faithfully. (Fisher, Colin and Lovell, Alan, 2006, p.389) Enforcing the codes fairly and consistently The codes of ethics should be the same for everyone in any organisation therefore one should not be more superior than the other leading to unfair treatment. . (Scarborough et al., 2009) No harm and risk management This code of ethics is practised by Johnson and Johnson where there most important responsibility is towards t hose who use their products and services such as doctors, families and nurses. To ensure that their need are met everything they do has to be of high quality. (Fisher, Colin and Lovell, Alan, 2006, p.389) Development of a transparent culture This is very crucial element and if failed to adhere to it the creditability of the organisation can be questioned because secrets can create unhealthy corporate cultures and an open culture leads to honesty and respect among employees. (International Federation of Accountants, 2006) Sources of Morality Sources of morality are the elements which determine the goodness or evilness of an act or the ability to choose between right or wrong, acceptable or unacceptable. (Dinah, Payne and Brett, J. L. Landry, 2005) These are the sources of the morality of human acts: Object Is the matter of the human act, the what we do? The object determines the morality of an act. The human act receives its goodness primarily from the morality of the act itself. Intention It refers to the motive of the person in doing an act. No matter how good the intention is, it never makes an intrinsically evil act to become good. Circumstances These are those factors that occur with the act and that contributes to the morality of the act. They cannot change an evil act into a good one but can lessen or heighten the blameworthiness. These three elements helps to evaluate whether the act is evil or good however, intention and circumstances cannot change the morality of intrinsically evil act s examples like stealing from the business, offences against human dignity such as arbitrary imprisonment, slavery, degrading working conditions where men are merely tools for profit. An act always has a good and bad consequence which makes the person evaluate the act using the double effect criteria. It weighs the extent of both the good and bad effects and the act that has the minimum bad effect is over ridden by the act that is more ethically moral which is good hence reducing the evilness of the bad effect. It also means that the good effect should overdo the bad effect in cases when the bad effect cannot be avoided and steps should be taken to reduce the effects of the bad effects. The object of the act should be good in itself or neutral. An example of such a scenario is that it is advisable to bomb the headquarters of an enemy camp in order to end the war even if it requires killing civilians around the headquarters. Another example in a business context is the Johns on and Johnson. In October of 1982, Tylenol, the leading pain-killer medicine in the United States at the time, faced a tremendous crisis when seven people in Chicago were reported dead after taking extra-strength Tylenol capsules. It was reported that an unknown suspect/s put 65 milligrams of deadly cyanide into Tylenol capsules, 10,000 more than what is necessary to kill a human. This was very unethical since it claimed human lives. Investigations showed that this act was done by a third party since it occurred at the time the product was on the shelves but following the guidelines of the company to protect people first and property second so as to maintain reputation. Thus the firm conducted an immediate product recall from the entire U.S.A which amounted to 31 million bottles and a loss of more than US $ 100 million. This act definitely had a great impact on the revenues of the firm. So the double effect criteria if used explains that the good effect of saving more lives a nd maintaining reputation far exceeds the bad effect of losing revenues and incurring the huge losses. Virtue Ethics Virtue ethics helps an individual to have a good life because it requires us to act in a particular way for the good of others and this basically depends on our character, our beliefs and our interests. (Fisher Colin and Lovell, Alan, 2006, p.101) Values are habitual way of acting and they form a character in a person .However, both Kantian Ethics and Utilitarians expect us to ignore our emotions but virtue ethics requires us to use character traits which might be formed through schools or at work place or according to how they have been brought up. The four cardinal virtues which a man should posses are as follows: (Oderberg, David, 1999) Prudence This virtue explains the use of wisdom to decide what is right and think of the correct action to take it also prevents taking wrong actions. Fortitude This virtue enables a person to be strong and hopeful even in adverse cases and not lose out easily. This virtue should be present in managers whose business environments are very competitive and dynamic. Justice This virtue enables a person to be rational and give everyone what they deserve and not limit anyones freedom of right and respect. Temperance This virtue enables a man to keep control and moderate any use of resource which might harm the people or the business if it is not controlled. Other important virtues like honesty, cheerfulness and humility make a person more admirable and respectable for the actions he/she does. There are 6 important pillars of characters in virtues: (Velasquez, 2006, pp.114-115) Citizenship A good citizen will always work for the benefit of the country or to serve their own community so that the world can be a better place to live in. Respect Respect every human so as for you to be treated well in return. Trustworthiness This is indeed an important factor to consider in any person because any business requires its employees to be honest. Caring This means taking care of other people in terms of its feelings, being kind and this is the basis of ethics. Fairness- This means being just and equal to every stakeholder and giving them what they deserve as per their efforts. Responsibility- This means taking liability and accountability of actions and duties that have been granted by a higher authority to implement, control and maintain. One of the most famous writers like Adam Smith wrote the theory of moral sentiments he said that justice and benevolence are the two most important virtues of a modern market society. Some of the virtues that make a market operate efficiently are honesty. Courage is also an important factor as it enables one to take risks and gives the strength to stand on its own even when the days of life are hard. Recognizing hard work and awarding employees so that they are motivated to work extra harder is a virtue that will increase the efficiency and productivity of the employees. (George D. John H. 1993) RIGHTS TO PRIVATE PROPERTY AS A NATURAL RIGHT The whole earth was given to the human race by God to use and enjoy and therefore every man has a natural right to private ownership both for consumer and productive goods. There are two schools of thought in private property ownership namely Capitalism and Socialism. Capitalism suggests that property should be made available to the public and those who can provide the sufficient resources can own it and develop it (George D and John H.1993). Socialism on the other hand suggests that everyone should have an equal chance and thus the property should be solely owned by the government who in turn will provide the required goods and services as per the basic needs. Individualism (Capitalism) allows individuals to own property and use it as a resource to generate more capital which leads to competition and ultimately to common good. (George D and John H.1993) Productivity in the generation of goods and services can only be achieved if there is motive for it. Thus the right t o private property acts as a motive to bring to the market better products which in turn satisfy more wants of persons and increase the standards of living. (George D and John H.1993) Common good can be achieved if there is presence of business ethics among the firms operating in the society. If a firm practises unethical behaviour like polluting the environment, then the society can never achieve common good and such firms should be regulated by a higher authority like the local government. (George D, John H. 1993, p.37) The state is the overall determinant of how resources are allocated and how they are put into use. The state has ministries which control various functions like commerce, land, water, energy, finance and others. All these ministries have a direct impact on the actions of the businesses. Thus the government should make sure there are strict rules and regulations which the firms should follow and that failure to do so should have critical legislative actions. There are various instances when firms engage in unethical activities which may be legal but this shows that the state has loopholes which should be sealed to prevent this behaviour. The state should allow employees to associate and form labour unions and support them so that they can have a higher bargaining power against the employer in terms of working conditions and wages. In past when labour unions in Kenya were highly discouraged, the employees used to suffer a lot that they were unable to bargain against the employer. These days collective bargaining has given workers power to ask for their rights and be given what they deserve. Pursuit of profit in business is a theory that has been in debate since many years and it suggests that employers try to maximise only the profits at the expense of the employees and the other stakeholders like the clients. Employers according to Kantian should provide meaningful work to its employees. The management should fulfil the oblig ations of the contract they have entered with the employee. Certain authorities which have a higher influence in making decisions should not use the power to undermine junior employees especially for implicit elements of work. Employees are the people who make organisations move ahead and their demands should be met if they are within the ability of the firm. Under the universal declaration of human rights, workers have the rights for their demands to be met as long as the employer has the ability and the employee deserves it although the employer cannot take guarantee of it. Firing employees for minor reasons should be strictly discouraged since it is unethical to take away a persons freedom without giving the person room for making any decision. Kenya is a developing country and in developing countries the number of jobs available is less than the total number of unemployed. This gives more power to employers who just give the employees a wage equal to the minimum wage wh ich is very unethical. The management should give employees freedom for expression and not undermine them by not giving them privacy. Certain organisations look into the personal life of an employee even though it does not have any link to the work the employee does. Employees also act unethically by using the freedom for their leisure time like reading newspapers, using internet and telephone for personal use and loitering out of work during working hours without the knowledge of the management. (George D. and John H. 1993) Corporate Social Responsibility Caroll (1979:500) defined CSR as the economical, legal, ethical, and discretionary expectancies that society has of organisations at a given point in time. (Valentine, Sean and Fleischman, Gary, 2008).The benefits that accrue from adopting CSR are: Organisations are usually able to attract and retain their workforce because the values of the business are closely in accordance to those of the individual. CSR encourages loyalty and commitment of employees which is an element of success. (Cacioppe Ron et al., 2008) CSR has the capability to increase a companies financial performance this results were shown in an analysis carried out by Margolis and Walsh (2001). (Cacioppe Ron et al., 2008) An organisation that is looking forward to improve their brand image and reputation has to have good CSR activities due to increased community expectations. The factors that contribute towards CSR are whether its products are child labour free and are the products environmentally friendly. (Cacioppe Ron et al., 2008) Conclusion The biggest concern is that most of the citizens are still not aware and confident or in other words are yet confused with what is ethically acceptable and what is not. For a better understanding of this concept there was a need for addressing on ways of managing business ethics in todays global environment especially if businesses want to preserve the integrity of the organisation which in turn will increase its revenue. If any business does not practise sound business it should be assured of failure, however some businesses still succeed by throwing away its morals and report a higher return than those practising ethics but this might not be advantageous in the long run sooner or later the business will be exposed. In todays evolving world business ethics is becoming a strategic importance for competitive advantage and yet its so difficult to say what is that really right or wrong because what would be unethical would still be legally acceptable. The modern workplace can be an extraordinarily powerful character-building institution which can instil leadership, honesty, responsibility, fortitude, respect and many other values if it is taken seriously. Indeed, in a fast moving, competitive global culture and marketplace, character is a corporations most valuable input and resource which is the determinant of the long term success of a business. At a time when the commitment of many companies to their ethics codes and mission statements is being questioned, several firms make headlines by adhering to the business ethics policy they have and acting promptly to make sure that all interests of all the stakeholders are met in a way.

Odysseus As The Epic Hero In Homers Odyssey - 1019 Words

Odysseus as the Epic Hero in Homer’s The Odyssey A style of work often explored in Greek literature is that of the epic. An expansive poem of a wide scope centered on and regarding the wondrous deeds of the main, heroic figure, on whose actions depend the fate of a nation. The definition of an epic can be used to describe The Odyssey by Homer. In The Odyssey we are introduced to our main character, Odysseus, the former king of Ithaca and a Trojan war hero who has been trapped on an Island by the nymph Calypso, who seeks to make him her husband. The Odyssey follows Odysseus’ journey home to Ithaca and return to his family; his son Telemachus and wife Penelope. Homer uses Odysseus to illustrate the theme of nostos, one often used in Greek†¦show more content†¦When compared to figures like Achilles, Odysseus is remembered for much more than simply his valor. Odysseus is a natural leader, proving over and over that he has the ability to inspire and lead even when s ituations may seem hopeless, earning loyalty from his men. Odysseus serves as sort of foil to another hero, Achilles: â€Å"There are of course many other heroes in Homeric poetry, but Achilles and Odysseus have become the two central points of reference† (Nagy,  §48). Both are heroes, yet in their own right. Achilles, another hero of the Trojan war, is known for his strength in battle and status as a warrior. What sets Odysseus apart from other epic heroes is his most notable trait: his cunning mind: â€Å"†¦ Whereas Achilles achieves his epic centrality as a warrior, Odysseus achieves his own kind of epic centrality in an alternative way - as a master of crafty stratagems and cunning intelligence† (Nagy,  §47). Revealed in the first sentence of Book One, The Odyssey is a tale of â€Å"†¦the man of twists and turns† (Homer, 77), referring not only to the journey Odysseus embarks on in his quest to return to Ithaca, but also his ability to scheme and deceive. While still being a capable warrior, unlike Achilles Odysseus relies far more on brains than brawn. When Odysseus and his men come to the island of the Cyclops on their way back to Ithaca, Odysseus cleverly resorts to tricking the savage Polyphemus, son of Poseidon, knowing that he cannot beat him in a battle ofShow MoreRelatedThe Impacts Of The Odyssey In Homers The Odyssey1166 Words   |  5 PagesHomerâ⠂¬â„¢s epic poem The Odyssey follows Odysseus on his long journey home. The Epic also includes the stories of Odysseus’ family left behind: the travels of his son, Telemachus, and how plenty, of what we would now call â€Å"home wreckers†, suitors pressured his wife, Penelope, into marrying one of them. The characters are beautifully crafted and the story is truly epic. All the elements presented can bring in any reader from any century, the Cyclops, the Gods, the trickery of Penelope, and the disguisesRead MoreSimilarities Between Achilles And Odysseus1110 Words   |  5 PagesComparison of Heroic Traits Displayed by Achilles and Odysseus in Homer’s, Iliad and Odyssey) Humanity has always strived for greatness, and is destined to continue this attempt till the world stops spinning. Through the art of storytelling, and literature, we have weaved images of what the ideal human should be. Countless works of literature depict such humans as â€Å"heroes†, due to the inspiration they stir within our imperfect souls. Truly epic heroes shape future stories, and remain influential despiteRead MoreThe Odyssey, By Homer, And The Inferno1005 Words   |  5 Pagesin Hell The two epics The Odyssey, by Homer, and The Inferno, by Dante, both works have two different perspectives of the character Ulysses. The Odyssey is told from the ancient Greek perspective around 700BC, and The Inferno is told from a Christian point of view in 1300AD. Both epics are written nearly 2000 years apart from each other. What set apart the ideals of both epics are the Pagan warrior perspective in Homer’s epic and the Christian Europe perspective in Dante’s epic. The controversialRead MoreOdysseus Is A Hero?950 Words   |  4 Pagesmost people, Odysseus is believed as a hero. A hero is a person who is admired or idealized for courage, achievements, and noble qualities. In one of Homer’s classic epics, The Odyssey, Odysseus is admired by many people as a man who has intelligence, nobility, and confidence. However, women who both loved and knew Odysseus than anyone, thought of him differently and knew him in depth. Through The Meadowlands and The Penelopi ad, Circe and Penelope showed their strong opinions of this â€Å"hero† through theirRead MoreAnalysis Of Odysseus1716 Words   |  7 PagesKyle Hoffmann CPLT 2010 Paper 3 Odysseus from Hero to Villain One of the more famous characters of the ancient Greeks, Odysseus, has been written about for millennia. Homer composed an epic poem entirely about him. Dante wrote about Odysseus while describing his journey through the afterlife in Inferno. These two writers, though describing the same man, portray him in different lights – Homer lauding him as a valiant hero and Dante condemning him to burn for eternity. Each portrayal is a productRead MoreOdyssey Archetype Analysis850 Words   |  4 PagesArchetypes in â€Å"The Odyssey†and Greek culture Homer’s epic poem is one of the most prolific, intriguing adventure stories ever written. His exceptional use of archetypes adds anticipation and excitement throughout the entire poem. This story has a mix of adventure, suspense, love, and loss. All of these features are archetypes that are shown in Homer’s epic poem. Greek culture is also a big part of the archetypes in this poem as well. The 3 archetypes that I chose are some of the most frequently seenRead MoreHistory, Symbolism, and Characters in Homer’s The Odyssey 1118 Words   |  5 Pages In The Odyssey, it takes Odysseus twenty years to make it home from the Trojan War. On his journey home, he runs into many obstacles and creatures that he must overcome. He encounters the sirens, the Cyclops, and others. Each event in this epic poem has a symbolic meaning behind it. Homer writes about the history, symbolism, and the characters in The Odyssey. The Odyssey is about the Greek gods and heroes and their adventures (Makman). Odysseus is the main character, and he is going on a questRead MoreExamples Of Archetypes In The Odyssey1002 Words   |  5 PagesHomer’s epic poem is one of the most prolific, intriguing adventure stories ever written. His exceptional use of archetypes adds anticipation and excitement throughout the entire poem. This story has a mix of adventure, suspense, love, and loss. All of these features are archetypes that are shown in Homer’s epic poem. Greek culture is a big part of the archetypes in this poem as well. The three archetypes that I chose are some of the most frequently seen archetypes in adventurous stories or poemsRead MoreBeowulf : A Man Of Great Power Essay1567 Words   |  7 PagesLiterary epics tend to follow the basic path in their plotlines of a hero who undergoes a quest, and Beowulf is no different. Beowulf is unique in that his tale is split into two stories taking place de cades apart, one when he is a young warrior and the other when he is an old and wise king. Both stories follow the basic structure for a literary epic, a talented hero is charged with a quest, proves himself with a smaller feat, is aided by supplementary characters, enters a foreign and often supernaturalRead MoreOdysseus Archetype Analysis785 Words   |  4 PagesOdysseus, the lone survivor of his crew, returned home to Ithaca after twenty years, only to see that is home is filled with suitors. Over the twenty years he was gone, he saw Polyphemus, the cyclops, The Sirens, Scylla, and the courageous whirlpool Charybdis. They all attempted to kill the heroic Odysseus but failed to. The author of the epic poem, The Odyssey, is credited to Homer. Homer wrote his epic somewhere in eighth century BC. Some archetypes used in Homer’s epic heroic, monsters, and hospitality

Close Study of Texts - Wilfred Owen Essays - 1004 Words

Alexandra Bucud How does Owen’s portrayal of the relationship between youth and war move us to a deeper understanding of suffering? As an anti-war poet, Wilfred Owen uses his literary skills to express his perspective on human conflict and the wastage involved with war, the horrors of war, and its negative effects and outcomes. As a young man involved in the war himself, Owen obtained personal objectivity of the dehumanisation of young people during the war, as well as the false glorification that the world has been influenced to deliver to them. These very ideas can be seen in poems such as Anthem for Doomed Youth and Dulce ET Decorum EST Pro Patria Mori. Owen uses a variety of literary techniques to convey his ideas.†¦show more content†¦Although the subject of nightmare is only in two lines of the whole poem, this minor contribution is highly effective for it allows the audience access to the traumatising aftermath of the horrors of war. Wilfred Owen exhibits dehumanisation at an early stage in the poem Anthem for Doomed Youth. The first line already connotes such idea, What passing bells for these who die as cattle? This metaphor represents the soldiers as cattle for they are slaughtered like cows, and at a much too young age. Dehumanisation is also indicated through the improper celebratory send-off they receive after death, where there is a lack of appropriate commemoration. No mockeries now for them; no prayers nor bells. These factors demean the value of the young lives lost, therefore showing dehumanisation. Similar to Anthem for Doomed Youth, the idea of dehumanisation in Dulce ET Decorum EST Pro Patria Mori is also introduced early in the poem. The first lines, Bent double, like old beggars under sacks, and Knock-kneed, coughing like hags both describe the condition in which young people of the war suffered through. The similes allow the audience to visualise the soldiers more accurately. They are portrayed somewhat so weak and devaluated, look and f eel much older than they are; in general, not at all possessing the qualitiesShow MoreRelatedWilfred Owen Essay1001 Words   |  5 PagesWilfred Owen’s poetry effectively conveys his perspectives on human conflict through his experiences during The Great War. Poems such as ‘Futility’ and ‘Dulce et Decorum Est’ portray these perceptions through the use of poetic techniques, emphasising such conflicts involving himself, other people and nature. These themes are examined in extreme detail, attempting to shape meaning in relation to Owen’s first-hand encounters whilst fighting on the battlefield. Wilfred Owen experiences many innerRead MoreGp Essay Mainpoints24643 Words   |  99 Pagesincreasingly finding their way onto the Internet, info digitized (google books) †¢ Much knowledge residing in books today that have not found their way onto the Internet (exclusive information) †¢ But†¦ Gutenberg Project transcribes old literary texts from all eras, posting them online for free †¢ Websites such as Questia and JSTOR store full academic journals, books, newspaper, magazines †¦ (portable too!) †¢ Also limits imposed by costs of publication, book cannot contain everything. EditorsRead MoreExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 Pages22/10/2007 11:54 Page 597 CASE STUDIES ECS8C_C01.qxd 22/10/2007 11:54 Page 598 ECS8C_C01.qxd 22/10/2007 11:54 Page 599 Guide to using the case studies The main text of this book includes 87 short illustrations and 15 case examples which have been chosen to enlarge speciï ¬ c issues in the text and/or provide practical examples of how business and public sector organisations are managing strategic issues. The case studies which follow allow the reader to extendRead MoreLibrary Management204752 Words   |  820 PagesLibrary and Information Center Management Recent Titles in Library and Information Science Text Series Library and Information Center Management, Sixth Edition Robert D. Stueart and Barbara B. Moran United States Government Information: Policies and Sources Peter Hernon, Harold C. Relyea, Robert E. Dugan, and Joan F. Cheverie Library Information Systems: From Library Automation to Distributed Information Access Solutions Thomas R. Kochtanek and Joseph R. Matthews The Complete Guide to Acquisitions

Rock ; pop Essay Example For Students

Rock ; pop Essay What has the power to make you get up and move, to both inspire you and enrage you? Rock, rap, pop, country, and blues are all forms of this phenomenon we call music. Music has been a part of each and everyone of our lives. How often have you heard a song and it brought you back to a place in your past, or reminded you of someone? Chances are you were listening to music that fell into one of the two most popular categories, rock or pop. Both rock and pop can be considered movements in society, however the motivation for these movements were on the opposite ends of the spectrum. Also another thing that they have in common is that once the artists are famous the may both have a tendency to fall off the deep end. This may entail spending thousands of dollars on drugs and alcohol. Eventually many of both pop and rock stars end up in rehab. Even though the lines between rock and pop can be blurred at times there are many distinct differences. One of the most profound differences is the way both types of music came about. Rock and roll started back in the early 60s. It was a time when the Vietnam war had just begun. Steppenwolf, The Beetles, Jimi Hendrix, and The Doors all were sending out soulful messages through their music. They were singing about war, drugs, and love instead of war. There lyrics were from the heart. It provoked feelings of rage for the government, and love for one another. The rock and roll movement began out of pent up energy that had to be released in an positive manner. It had very pure, honest intentions. On the other hand pop, short for popular, music was contrived from the beginning. It too had its beginnings in the 60s starting with the Monkeys. Four guys were brought together by some corporate bigwigs to create an American version of the Beetles. Little did the public know that they were not even singing their own songs. They were lip-singing the whole time. But, they managed to top the charts and make young girls faint. That could be considered the first pop music. Another major difference between rock and pop groups are the way they get started. Pop groups are usually formed by record companies with preconceived notions of what kind of image they want the artist to have. Basically the artists sell them selves to the record label. This gives the record company the freedom to market their group any way they please. A new phenomenon that has taken the pop world by storm are the boy bands. Boy bands are groups of four or five guys that is marketed by the record labels to the ten to sixteen year old demographic. These pop stars start at the top and stay there as long as that have the record companies backing. Rock bands have a much harder path to the top. Many bands start in garages and local bars, playing for anyone who will listen.Just getting signed to a label may require many years of hard work sending out demos and then getting rejected. The reason why is that most rock artists will not sell out. This would allow the record companies to take c reative control of the artists music. It all boils down to this, pop music is all about corporate culture and rock is the real thing. Lyrical content is another major difference between rock and pop. Pop music is full of bubble gum lyrics that are usually of a shallow nature. Pop artist sing about puppy love and crushes. The topics they sing about are very light in content. Very rarely do they write their own music. That job is left up to professional song writers. The only responsibility of the pop artists is to look good and be a puppet for the record companies. Rock songs are of a deeper level. The artists usually write their own lyrics and music. Nothing is off limits for them to write about, whether it be of a political nature, abortion, suicide, or drugs. Yes, they also write about being in love, but also about the betrayal and the hurt that comes from relationships. The bottom line is that pop music is happy and optimistic, while rock is cynical and pessimistic. .ue5dfd1027cc905043be221941f0e6d23 , .ue5dfd1027cc905043be221941f0e6d23 .postImageUrl , .ue5dfd1027cc905043be221941f0e6d23 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue5dfd1027cc905043be221941f0e6d23 , .ue5dfd1027cc905043be221941f0e6d23:hover , .ue5dfd1027cc905043be221941f0e6d23:visited , .ue5dfd1027cc905043be221941f0e6d23:active { border:0!important; } .ue5dfd1027cc905043be221941f0e6d23 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue5dfd1027cc905043be221941f0e6d23 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue5dfd1027cc905043be221941f0e6d23:active , .ue5dfd1027cc905043be221941f0e6d23:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue5dfd1027cc905043be221941f0e6d23 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue5dfd1027cc905043be221941f0e6d23 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue5dfd1027cc905043be221941f0e6d23 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue5dfd1027cc905043be221941f0e6d23 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue5dfd1027cc905043be221941f0e6d23:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue5dfd1027cc905043be221941f0e6d23 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue5dfd1027cc905043be221941f0e6d23 .ue5dfd1027cc905043be221941f0e6d23-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue5dfd1027cc905043be221941f0e6d23:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Computers And Automation EssayRock bands have lasting ability while pop groups are here today, gone tomorrow. A pop group that lasts five years is considered to have had a long career. On the other hand twenty-five years is not unusual for a rock band. Aerosmith and The Rolling Stones have been around for at least that long and are still going strong. Imagining where N*Stink, as I so affectionately call them, will be extinct. Rock and roll will live forever, while pop will die a slow fading death. Rock and pop music will continue to have its similarities, but mainly differences. There will always be a debate on which is better, but the bottom line is that rock is real and from the heart, while pop is contrived and empty of substance. Rock and roll will never die!Rock and Roll Will Never DieComparison Essay Crystal BeattyENC 1101- 6:3030 September 2001